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GPM Formula:
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The PSI to GPM formula converts pressure to flow rate for a nozzle. It calculates the gallons per minute (GPM) based on pressure (PSI) and nozzle diameter (d). This formula is essential for fluid dynamics, irrigation systems, firefighting, and industrial applications.
The calculator uses the GPM formula:
Where:
Explanation: The formula accounts for the relationship between pressure, nozzle area, and flow rate, with the square root relationship reflecting the energy equation for fluid flow.
Details: Accurate flow rate calculation is crucial for designing efficient fluid systems, ensuring proper nozzle performance, calculating water requirements, and optimizing system pressure for various applications.
Tips: Enter pressure in PSI and nozzle diameter in inches. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the corresponding flow rate in gallons per minute.
Q1: What is the practical application of this formula?
A: This formula is used in firefighting, irrigation systems, hydraulic engineering, and industrial processes to determine flow rates through nozzles and orifices.
Q2: Why is there a square root in the formula?
A: The square root comes from the Bernoulli equation and represents the relationship between pressure and velocity in fluid dynamics.
Q3: How accurate is this formula?
A: The formula provides a good estimate for standard nozzles but actual flow rates may vary based on nozzle design, fluid viscosity, and other factors.
Q4: Can this be used for different fluids?
A: The formula is primarily designed for water. For other fluids, additional factors like density and viscosity need to be considered.
Q5: What are typical GPM values for common applications?
A: Residential sprinklers: 1-5 GPM, Fire hoses: 50-250 GPM, Industrial nozzles: varies widely based on application requirements.