1. What is Flow Rate Calculation?

Flow rate calculation determines the volume of fluid passing through a pipe per unit time. The formula Q = A × V × 448.83 calculates gallons per minute (GPM) through a pipe based on cross-sectional area and flow velocity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the flow rate formula:

Where:

• \( Q \) — Flow rate in gallons per minute (GPM)
• \( A \) — Cross-sectional area in square feet (ft²)
• \( V \) — Flow velocity in feet per second (ft/s)
• \( 448.83 \) — Conversion factor (cubic feet per second to GPM)

Explanation: This formula converts the volumetric flow rate from cubic feet per second to gallons per minute using the standard conversion factor.

3. Importance of Flow Rate Calculation

Details: Accurate flow rate calculation is essential for pipe sizing, pump selection, hydraulic system design, and ensuring efficient fluid transport in plumbing, irrigation, and industrial applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the cross-sectional area in square feet and flow velocity in feet per second. Both values must be positive numbers. The calculator will compute the flow rate in gallons per minute.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the conversion factor 448.83?
A: This factor converts cubic feet per second to gallons per minute (1 ft³/s = 448.83 GPM).

Q2: How do I calculate pipe cross-sectional area?
A: For circular pipes, A = π × (diameter/2)². Convert diameter from inches to feet by dividing by 12.

Q3: What are typical flow velocities in pipes?
A: Typical velocities range from 2-8 ft/s for water systems, with higher velocities for smaller pipes and lower for larger pipes.

Q4: Can this formula be used for any fluid?
A: The formula works for any incompressible fluid, but the conversion factor is specific to volume measurements (GPM).

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically precise. Accuracy depends on the precision of your area and velocity measurements.